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Smile Many classes and species have innate navigation systems. Can they be the substrates that are unique to that particular class or species. Is it just plain "natural" for that class/species. If we look closely at different indigenous systems, it begins to form an interesting pattern.
Be well,
RobSmile
Smile Hi...Try http://www.scienceweek.com and look at October 14 and 21, 2005 #6 Ant Navigation;#1 Animal Navigation respectively.....This is on the web and retrieved and documented with full credit to Science Week.
Also retrieved from the internet today, November 26, 2005 URL: Hippocampal formation is required for geometric navigation in pigeons
Juan Pedro Vargas, Edward J. Petruso and Verner P. Bingman
Abstract

The geometric properties of bounded space have attracted considerable attention as a source of spatial information that can guide goal navigation. Although the use of geometric information to navigate has been observed in every species studied to date, the neural mechanisms that support the representation of geometric information are still debated. With the purpose of investigating this topic, we trained pigeons with lesion to the hippocampal formation to search for food in a rectangular-shaped arena containing one wall of a different color that served as the only distinctive environmental feature. Although lesioned pigeons learned the task even faster than control animals, probe trials showed that they were insensitive to geometric information. Control animals could encode and use both geometric and feature information to locate the goal. By contrast, lesioned pigeons relied exclusively on the feature information provided by the wall of a different color. The results indicate that the avian hippocampal formation is critical for learning the geometric properties of space in homing pigeons.

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Authors:
Juan Pedro Vargas
Edward J. Petruso
Verner P. Bingman


Best,
Rob
Smile Hi.....Retrieved this google search from the internet November 27,2005.
URL: http://www.unc.edu/depts/geomag/abstracts/EEEreview.pdf
URL: http://seab.envmed.rochester.edu/jeab/ar...1-0137.pdf
Best,
RobSmile
Smile Hi...
If we just follow the yellow brick road from all living creatures that are capable of navigation, we will find the substrate of the human being that of intelligence. You will notice that I said intelligence not IQ.
We can use our brains to use objects for navigational purposes....the human brain is simply so cool...sorry profound. We can compare all the lower life species and never find a creature that possess the intelligence of the human brain.

Now....why would we do such a thing....well the brain itself can really be a gestalt substrate for the human thus making multiple intelligence the only way to look at intelligence.
Best,
Rob Smile
Smile Good Morning,
What is an instinct? Is it endemic to only humans? I don't think so....If we look closely enough at the navigation systems of mammals, animals, fish etc. can we locate the ....underpinnings and substrates of that particular class/species?

I am planning to do some research on navigational systems in all living creatures....What will that tell me? Well, it could tell me the location of the underpinnings and substrates of all classes/species and I could compare them with higher intelligent mammals including humans....the bottom line is that I am very interested in instincts and navigational substrates....any thoughts? Do stem cells have navigational substrates...Why do embryonic stem cells seem to have a navigational system that will take the nondifferentiated cell to any place it wants to go and other stem cell that are already differentiated have a limited navigational system and will only go to certain places...what causes that?
Best,
RobSmile
Hi Rob,

Thanks for your interest in this.

Stem cell differentiation occurs as a result of a series of unidirectional molecular cues (genes coding for particular protein products elicit a cascade of protein regulation). If you are interested in the specific molecular cues involved, you can take a look at any developmental neurobiology textbook. For the most recent work in this area, you could read some articles on the topic from PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query...DB=pubmed).

I hope this is helpful.

All the best,
Christina
Hi, Smile

Interesting URL retrieved from the internet December 15, 2005.
URL: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/printerf...wsid=34977

Be well,
RobSmile
HiSmile ,

It seems that after reviewing many many forms of navigation of animals, and any class or species that we keep coming up with the term "dead reckoning". It seems that 'dead reckoning' is used by most animates as a form of navigation. So what is 'dead reckoning'?....In order to really get a handle on where I hope I am going...'dead reckoning' is either a substrate or underpinning of most living things. It is 4:16 a.m. in the morning and I am more flaky than usual, but a commom substrate across species????????? [of course, in different forms]. Well as I plug along here, I found an interesting url on the internet 12/22/05 that I have used before that makes more sense now. It seems like I am reading this again for the first time.
Best,
RobSmile URL:http://scienceweek.com/2005/sw051028-2.htm
January 3, 2006

HiSmile,

Is 'dead reckoning' a common navigational system for all mammals, animals?
Would like to know?
Best,Smile Rob
Hi,Smile January 15, 2006

Great article retrieve from the internet from Scientific America....January 15, 2006. When you read this article about ants teaching their students [ants], please be cognizant of the navigation system the ant that is learning must be using....
Be well,
RobSmile
URL: http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?cha...000&ref=nature